語法專題八 倒裝句
謂語動詞放在主語之前的語法現(xiàn)象稱為倒裝。倒裝可分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝兩種。完全倒裝是指整個謂語置于主語之前,而部分倒裝是指將助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be動詞等置于主語之前。
考點一 完全倒裝
1.表示方位的副詞(如:there,here,up,down,out,in,away等)位于句首,句子謂語是go,come,run等不及物動詞,可將謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。但主語是人稱代詞時,不倒裝。
There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made.
Here he comes.
2.當句首狀語為表示地點的介詞短語時,也常常用全部倒裝。
South of the city lies a factory.
3.表語置于句首時,倒裝結構為“表語+連系動詞+主語”。
1)形容詞+連系動詞+主語
Present at the meeting were some experts.
2)過去分詞+連系動詞+主語
Gone are the days when they walked to work.
3)介詞短語+be+主語
Among the goods are flowers,candles and toys.
考點二 部分倒裝
1.句子以never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely等否定意義的副詞以及by no means,not until,not a word,not a single,on no condition,in no case等否定意義的詞組開頭,要用部分倒裝語序。
Never will he come back to the factory.
In no case will he give it up.
2.當句子用so,nor,neither開頭,說明前面一句話中的情況也適用于另外一些人或物時,主語和謂