Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
Until now，scientists haven’t been able to study the new rock on the moon.The new samples from Chang’e 5 will change this.They’re from near Mons Rümker，a volcanic mountain where the rock is thought to be much younger—about 1 billion years old.
There are a lot of reasons scientists are eager to study this younger rock，one of which is that it could help us more precisely date not only the moon，but many rocky planets and other objects.
Here’s how that works: Scientists date lunar rock by using something called a chronology curve(年代學(xué)曲線)，says Jolliff，a scientist at Washington University in St.Louis.Basically，they estimate the age of the rock by counting the number of craters in the area the rock comes from; those increase as objects strike the rock over time.To make this estimation，scientists need to match the number of craters to a precise age.Right now，they only have data points for lunar rock that is 3 to 4 billion years old.Modern techniques can date the new sample extremely accurately，and once scientists know its precise age，they can add a valuable data point to their chronology curve.The dating system will also help us more accurately estimate the age of all sorts of objects in space，like rocky planets and other moons.
Another reason scientists are keen to study this young volcanic rock is to find out more about how volcanism works on the moon.Jolliff says that it’s unclear why there was volcanic activity on the moon for such a long period of time.Most of the moon’s volcanic activity，he says，is thought to have occurred 3 or 4 billion years ago，when the moon was still pretty young.But since the moon does not have plate structure，which drives volcanism on Earth，it’s unclear what could have caused much later volcanic activity.“That’s something that you can find out of the samples by studying them in the lab，” Jolliff says.
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語篇解讀 本文是一篇說明文。嫦娥五號(hào)帶回的樣本使得研究月球上的新巖石成為可能，而研究這種巖石的好處是什么呢？文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了說明。
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1．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．The fact of being unable to study the new rock.
B．The new rock from near Mons Rümker.
C．One of the reasons to study the moon’s new rock.
D．The study of the moon’s younger rock.
答案 A
解析 代詞指代題。根據(jù)第一段中“Until now，scientists haven’t been able to study the new rock on the moon.”并結(jié)合畫線詞所在句可推斷，this指的是上文中提到的“科學(xué)家無法研究月球上的新巖石”這一事實(shí)。故選A。
2．Scientists research this younger rock because they can .
A．ensure there was volcanic activity on the moon
B．more precisely date only the moon
C．date lunar rock by using a chronology curve
D．explore how volcanism works on the moon
答案 D
解析 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段首句可知，科學(xué)家們研究這些新巖石是因?yàn)樗麄兡軌蛱剿髟虑蛏系幕鹕交顒?dòng)是如何發(fā)生的。故選D。
3．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Scientists are keen to study this young volcanic rock.
B．Scientists can’t know why volcanic activity exists on the moon.
C．The moon’s volcanic activity occurred 3 or 4 billion years ago.
D．It’s clear what could have caused much later volcanic activity.
答案 B
解析 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“But since the moon does not have plate structure，which drives volcanism on Earth，it’s unclear what could have caused much later volcanic activity.”可推斷，科學(xué)家們不知道月球上為什么會(huì)有火山活動(dòng)。故選B。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．How Scientists Study the Younger Rock
B．Why the Research Is Important
C．Why the Younger Rock Is Worth Studying
D．What Scientists Do to Study the Younger Rock
答案 C
解析 標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章首段前兩句引出了科學(xué)家能對(duì)月球上的新巖石進(jìn)行研究的話題，接下來對(duì)研究這種巖石的好處進(jìn)行了說明。因此C項(xiàng)(為什么新巖石值得研究)能夠準(zhǔn)確概括文章大意，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選C。
