第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
The capital of a country is often a very populated city where much history has been made due to the high-level political and economic functions that occur there. However, sometimes government leaders decide to move the capital from one city to another. Capital relocation has been done hundreds of times throughout history. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Chinese changed their capital frequently.
Some countries choose new capitals that are more easily defended in a time of invasion (侵略) or war. Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development. Countries sometimes change their capital because they expect some type of political, social, or economic benefit. They hope and expect that the new capitals will surely develop into cultural treasure and hopefully make the country a more stable place.
Here are capital relocations that have occurred in approximately the last few centuries.
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Asia
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Japan
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from Kyoto to Tokyo — 1868
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Turkey
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from Istanbul to Ankara — 1923
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Israel
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from Tel Aviv-Jaffo to Jerusalem — 1950
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Europe
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Poland
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from Krakow to Warsaw — 1596
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Finland
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from Turku to Helsinki — 1812
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Italy
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from Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome — 1871
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The Americas
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The US
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from New York to Washington — 1800
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Jamaica
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from Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston — 1872
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Oceania
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New Zealand
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from Auckland to Wellington — 1865
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1. Why did some countries decide to move the capital?
A. To further expand their land.
B. To uncover ancient treasure.
C. To develop undeveloped areas.
D. To declare war on another country.
2. Which country was the earliest to move its capital?
A. Turkey. B. Poland.
C. The United Sate. D. New Zealand.
3. What do Italy and Jamaica have in common?
A. They moved the capitals more than once.
B. Their capitals were destroyed in the war.
C. They moved their capitals in the same year.
D. Their capitals moved because of the economy.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了歷史上一些經(jīng)常遷都的國家以及其背后的原因。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Some new capitals are planned and built in previously undeveloped areas to promote development.( 一些新的首都被規(guī)劃和建設(shè)在以前未開發(fā)的地區(qū)，以促進(jìn)發(fā)展。)”可知，一些國家決定遷都是為了開發(fā)欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)。故選C。
【2題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格中“Poland from Krakow to Warsaw — 1596 (波蘭于1596年將首都從克拉科夫遷到華沙)”可推知，波蘭于1596年將首都從克拉科夫遷到華沙；再對比表格中其它國家遷都的時(shí)間可知，波蘭遷都的時(shí)間最早。故選B。
【3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中“Italy from Turin to Florence to Salerno to Rome — 1871 (意大利在1871年將首都從都靈遷到佛羅倫薩，再遷到到薩勒諾，最后再遷到羅馬)”可知，意大利曾經(jīng)將首都從都靈遷到佛羅倫薩，再遷到到薩勒諾，最后再遷到羅馬；再結(jié)合表格中“Jamaica from Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston-1872 (牙買加在1872年將首都從皇家港遷到西班牙城，最后再遷到金斯敦)”可知，牙買加曾將首都從皇家港遷到西班牙城，最后再遷到金斯敦。由此可知，意大利和牙買加的共同之處在于這兩個(gè)國家都不止一次遷都。故選A。
