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The National Gallery
Description:
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.
Layout:
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronese.
The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.
Opening Hours:
The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm (Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.
Getting There:
Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).
1. In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings?
A. The 20th B. The 17th
C. The 18th D. The 13th
2. Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown?
A. In the East Wing. B. In the main West Wing.
C. In the Sainsbury Wing. D. In the North Wing.
3. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?
A. Charing Cross. B. Leicester Square.
C. Embankment. D. Piccadilly Circus.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了英國國家美術(shù)館的展品以及這個展館的布置、開館的時間等情況。
【1題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的ranging from 13thcentury religious paintings to...可知人們可以在這里看到13世紀的宗教圖畫。B、C、D三項中的圖畫都沒有涉及religious這個詞。故選A。
【2題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的The main West Wing houses 16thcentury paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci...可知，達•芬奇的作品可以在the main West Wing中看到，因此選B。其他幾個地方都沒有展出達•芬奇的畫。故選B。
【3題詳解】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2minute walk)．..可知，Charing Cross離國家美術(shù)館只有步行2分鐘的路程，其他幾個地方離國家美術(shù)館的距離都比Charing Cross遠。故選D。
【點睛】細節(jié)理解題解題思路與應(yīng)試技巧
細節(jié)題是針對文中某個細節(jié)、某句話或某部分具體內(nèi)容設(shè)置問題，正確答案的根據(jù)一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改寫往往成為正確選項。
通常細節(jié)題的正確選項有以下特征：
1、對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進行替換。把原文中的一些詞換成意義相近的詞，成為正確選項。
2、詞性或者語態(tài)的變化。把原文中的一些詞變換一下詞性，或者改變原文句子的語態(tài)，給考生制造障礙。
3、語言簡化。把原文中的復(fù)雜語言現(xiàn)象進行簡化，成為正確答案。
4、正話反說。把原文中的意思反過來表達而成為正確選項（適用于尋找錯誤選項的題目）。
干擾項也是以文章中的某個細節(jié)設(shè)題，若不仔細辨別，很容易把它當成正確選項。干擾項有以下特征：
1、將原文內(nèi)容擴大或縮小。把原文中的限定詞去掉或替換，使該選項看似正確，實際上卻是錯誤選項。
2、把未然當已然。改變文中某句話的時態(tài)，如把將來時變成現(xiàn)在時，把未發(fā)生的事情當成已發(fā)生的事情。
3、無中生有。即選項內(nèi)容是根據(jù)主觀想象或推測得出的結(jié)論，而文中并未涉及。
4、偷換概念。把原來做該事的“張三”換成“李四”，所述細節(jié)確實與原文一致，一不小心就會誤選。
5、文不對題。這類題最不容易辨別，選項中的描述與原文完全一致，確屬原文中的一個細節(jié)，這時要回到題干，看該選項是否能回答題干所提的問題。
