II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A:
Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. If a word is given, please use its proper form.
As a young child. Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.
Now a iirst-year Arts student. Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneur. She won the 2015 Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence, ____1____ recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems 一 the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hol lew Flashlight and the c-Drink. have been causing excitement internationally ____2____ their creation.
At the age of 15. Makosinski created a prototype (I京型)ibr a ilashlight ____3____ (power) by the heat of one's hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski's goal was ____4____ (offer) a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.
"I'm hali-Filipino and hali-Polish. and one of my iriends irom the Philippines told me that she tailed school ____5____ she couldn't aitbrd electricity. She had no light to study with at night
so that was kind of the inspiration." Makosinski explained. "I've always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don't I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?"
The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles (珀耳貼貼片)that produce energy when one side____6____ (heat) and the other side remains cool. The ilashlight can produce a steady beam of LED light ibr 20 minutes. ____7____ (use) only the warmth of the human hand.
Her advice to other student innovators? "Start now. There ____8____ be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think 'Oh. I'm a student. I just need to study? ____9____ may think it important to make iriends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do _____10_____ you want. Just go ahead."
【答案】1. which
2. since 3. powered
4. to offer
5. because/as
6. is heated
7. using 8. should/can/shall
9. Others 10. whatever
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了藝術(shù)系一年級學(xué)生Makosinski發(fā)明空心手電筒的故事。
【1題詳解】
考查非限定性定語從句。句意：她獲得了2015年可持續(xù)創(chuàng)業(yè)卓越獎，該獎項旨在嘉獎解決社會問題的創(chuàng)新商業(yè)方案，2014年獲得該獎項表彰的是奧巴馬。此處為非限定性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代先行詞the 2015 Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence，指物，并在從句中作主語。故填which。
【2題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：她自己的發(fā)明，空心手電筒和電子飲料，自誕生以來就在國際上引起了轟動。since常與現(xiàn)在完成進行時連用，表示動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還有可能繼續(xù)下去。故填since。
【3題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：15歲時，Makosinski發(fā)明了一種手電筒的原型，這種手電筒是由人手的熱量驅(qū)動的。flashlight與power之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，表示被動，用過去分詞作后置定語。故填powered。
【4題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：這一發(fā)明是Makosinski上九年級時一次科學(xué)作業(yè)的作品，不過她的目標(biāo)是提出一個切實可行的方案，讓人們可以不受限制地獲取電能。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意可知此處說明主語goal的具體內(nèi)容，應(yīng)該用不定式作表語。故填to offer。
【5題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：我有一半菲律賓血統(tǒng)一半波蘭血統(tǒng)，我的一個菲律賓的朋友告訴我，她沒能上學(xué)是因為她用不起電。根據(jù)句意可知前后是因果關(guān)系，此處表示原因。故填because/as。
【6題詳解】
考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：空心手電筒是由珀耳貼貼片制成的，當(dāng)一面加熱而另一面保持涼爽時，它就會產(chǎn)生能量。陳述的是客觀事實，one side與heat之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語是單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填is heated。
【7題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：空心手電筒只用人手的熱量就能發(fā)出20分鐘穩(wěn)定的LED光。The flashlight與use之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填using。
【8題詳解】
考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：現(xiàn)在就開始，沒有什么能阻擋你？蘸笫莿釉~原形，此處需要填情態(tài)動詞，根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“能、會、應(yīng)該”。故填should/can/shall。
【9題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：一些大學(xué)甚至高中的學(xué)生認為“哦，我是個學(xué)生。我只是需要學(xué)習(xí)”，另一些人可能認為交朋友和社交很重要。此處與前的some構(gòu)成some…others的搭配，表示“一些人…另一些人則……”，在句中作主語。句子首字母大寫。故填Others。
【10題詳解】
考查賓語從句。句意：你可以做任何你想做的事情，動手做吧。此處為賓語從句，從句中的want缺少賓語，表示“無論什么、任何”。故填whatever。
