A
Humpback Whales
Humpback whales are sometimes calledperformers of the ocean.This is because they can make impressive movements whenthey dive.The name“humpback”, which isthe common name for this whale, refers to the typical curve shape the whale'sback forms as it dives.
Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantasticmovement known as a breach.During breaching the whale uses its powerful tailflukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body out of the water in a giant leap.A breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out likewings, as the whale reaches the height of the breach.
A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of thewater through two blowholes which are located near the top of the head.It blowsa double stream of water that can rise up to 4 metres above the water.
The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towardsthe tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back.Other distinguishingfeatures include large pectoral fins, which may be up to a third of the bodylength, and unique black and white spots on the underside of the tailflukes.These markings are like finger prints: no two are the same.
Humpback whales live in large groups.They communicatewith each other through complex “songs”.
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Quick Facts
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Size:
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14m-18m in length;
30-50 tons in weight
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Living
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Open ocean and shallow coastline waters
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Environment
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From warm tropical waters, where they breed, to cold polar waters,
where they eat
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Diet:
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Shellfish, plants and fish of small size
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Hunting:
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Sometimes in groups, in which several whales form a circle under the water, blowing bubbles that form a “net” around a school of fish.The fish are then forced up to the surface in a concentrated mass.
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Current state:
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Endangered: it is estimated that there are about 5000-7500 humpback whales worldwide
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1. According to Quick Facts, ahumpback whale _____.
A. cannot survive in waters near the shore
B. doesn't live in the same waters all the time
C. lives mainly on underwater plants
D. prefers to work alone when hunting food
2. To make a breach, a humpback whale must _____.
A. use its tail flukes to leap out of the water
B. twist its body sideways to jump high
C. blow two streams of water
D. communicate with a group of humpbacks
3. From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale _____.
A. has its unique markings on its tail flukes
B. has black and white fingerprints
C. gets its name from the way it hunts
D. is a great performer due to its songs
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。 Humpback whales有時(shí)被稱為海洋的表演者。文章介紹了Humpback whales的特點(diǎn)和生活習(xí)性等。
【1題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)Quick Facts中“Living: Open ocean and shallow coastline waters（生活在公海和淺海岸線水域）”可知，根據(jù)Quick Facts， humpback whale并不是一直生活在同一水域。故選B。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“During breaching the whale uses its powerful tailflukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body out of the water in a giant leap. （在破浪時(shí)，鯨魚用它強(qiáng)有力的尾部將身體的近三分之二舉起來，這是一次巨大的跳躍。）”可知，為了完成這一突破， humpback whales必須用它的尾鰭躍出水面。故選A。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“unique black and white spots on the underside of the tailflukes（尾部有獨(dú)特的黑色和白色斑點(diǎn)）”可知從這篇文章中我們可以了解到humpback whales在它的尾巴上有它獨(dú)特的標(biāo)記。故選A。
