Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Surprising Facts About At-Home DNA Tests
If you send your DNA to two different companies to find out about your ancestry, you may end up with two different results. That's ____1____ there's no certification (鑒定) required for DNA-testing companies. They may get the basic idea correct — ____2____ you are a little less than half northern European, for example, but when they say you're 30 percent from here and 60 percent from there, it's a statistical guess based on their own database and method.
Your results will be ____3____ (precise) if you're not a native. The more people from your ancestral region in a company's database, the more accurate your results will be.
You can find out your risk of diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's from an at-home DNA test kit, but a laboratory ____4____ (authorize) to do medical testing will give you much more conclusive results.
The results of your genetic testing could affect your ability to get insurance. ____5____ federal law prohibits health insurers from denying coverage based on genetic test results, the law does not apply to life, disability, and long-term-care insurance.
Law-enforcement agencies are increasingly using family tree DNA databases to solve crimes, as was done in the arrest of a former police officer accused of being the Golden State Killer. California detectives took the DNA results from various crime scenes, ____6____ (look) for partial matches on a public genealogy database, and eventually found their man.
The market is also exploding with companies ____7____ (claim) they can pinpoint the right product -- for your skin or your waistline, for instance - based on a DNA test. But consider them entertainment ____8____ real science, Greely says. A study found that diets based on genetic tests didn't help people lose weight.
Still, DNA tests can answer questions you've had about yourself - and ____9____ you didn't know to ask. For example, for _____10_____ additional cost, 23 and Me will include your results on more than 25 individual traits, including if you are likely to be a morning person, whether your hatred of cilantro is genetic, and if your earwax is more likely to be dry or wet.
【答案】1. because
2. that 3. less precise
4. authorized
5. While##Although##Though
6. looked 7. Claiming
8. instead of##rather than
9. ones 10. an
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文舉例介紹了關(guān)于家庭DNA測(cè)試的驚人事實(shí)。
【1題詳解】
考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：這是因?yàn)?/span>DNA檢測(cè)公司不需要認(rèn)證。分析句子可知，應(yīng)使用because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，表達(dá)“因?yàn)?span lang="EN-US">”之意。故填because。
【2題詳解】
考查同位語(yǔ)從句。句意：他們可能會(huì)得到正確的基本概念——比如說(shuō)，你比半個(gè)北歐人少一半，但當(dāng)他們說(shuō)你離這里30%，離那里60%，這是基于他們自己的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和方法的統(tǒng)計(jì)猜測(cè)。先行詞為idea，后跟that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，從句句子成分齊全、句意完整，應(yīng)用只起連接作用、無(wú)實(shí)意的that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
【3題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：如果你不是本地人，你的結(jié)果就不那么精確了。此處是和native比較，所以用比較級(jí)，表示“不大準(zhǔn)確”應(yīng)使用less precise。故填less precise。
【4題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：你可以通過(guò)家用 DNA 檢測(cè)試劑盒了解自己患癌癥和阿爾茨海默氏癥等疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但是經(jīng)授權(quán)進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)檢測(cè)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室會(huì)給你更具決定性的結(jié)果。authorize和它所修飾的詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填authorized。
【5題詳解】
考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：雖然聯(lián)邦法律禁止醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)公司基于基因檢測(cè)結(jié)果拒絕承保，但該法律不適用于人壽保險(xiǎn)、殘疾保險(xiǎn)和長(zhǎng)期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)。法律不適用于人壽、殘疾和長(zhǎng)期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“盡管”，應(yīng)使用連接詞While/Although/Though引導(dǎo)。故填While/Although/Though。
【6題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：加利福尼亞的偵探們從不同的犯罪現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采集了 DNA 結(jié)果，在公共的家譜數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中尋找部分匹配，最終找到了他們要找的人。根據(jù)空前的took可知，此處描述已發(fā)生的事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故填looked。
【7題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著一些公司聲稱(chēng)他們可以精確定位適合你的皮膚或腰圍的產(chǎn)品，市場(chǎng)也在爆炸式增長(zhǎng)，例如，基于 DNA 測(cè)試。with的賓語(yǔ)和claim之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故填Claiming。
【8題詳解】
考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：但是把它們看作是娛樂(lè)，而不是真正的科學(xué)，Greely說(shuō)。表示“而不是”應(yīng)使用介詞短語(yǔ)instead of/ rather than，后跟名詞。故填instead of或 rather than。
【9題詳解】
考查代詞。句意：盡管如此，DNA 測(cè)試可以回答你對(duì)自己的疑問(wèn)，以及那些你不知道該問(wèn)的問(wèn)題。泛指questions，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，所以用代詞ones。故填ones。
【10題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：例如，額外的成本，“23和我”項(xiàng)目將包括針對(duì)個(gè)人的超過(guò)25種個(gè)人特征，包括你是否是一個(gè)早起的人，你對(duì)香菜的憎恨是否是遺傳的，你的耳垢更可能是干的還是濕的。泛指一筆費(fèi)用，所以用不定冠詞，additional 是以元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞，應(yīng)用an。故填an。
