Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
In Venice, it is not uncommon to see tourists carry suitcases through waist-high water, or sit at tables in Piazza San Marco ____1____ their swimsuits. Pictures of Venice in the most dramatic flooding are really alarming.
We are used to thinking of Venice as a city in danger, a glorious relic of human creativity that is about to sink any day suddenly the end looks ____2____ (close). However, as climate change makes extreme weather more frequent, Venice looks less like a victim of the sea and more like an old survivor ____3____ can teach the rest of the world now to live with wafer.
People barely notice ____4____ smartly the art treasures of Venice are kept on the upper floors of palaces and museums, even on a dry summer day. It is also needless to worry about all the art in churches ____5____ no other city has such a sharp awareness of protecting itself from water.
In their art, the people of Venice are as happy on water as on land. Vittore Carpaccio's painting Hunting on the Lagoon shows young Venetians standing easily balanced in low-sided boats ____6____ (shoot) arrows at water birds. In a Gentile Bellini's painting, priests swim in the canal searching for a lost relic. Titian portrays ashot woman ____7____ (bathe) in open water in his painting. Hunting and fishing, swimming and showing. Venetians always know how to enjoy water.
The palaces ____8____ (build) in Venice are also good examples of the prevention of flood. ____9____ has its living spaces on upper floors, often with a courtyard on the ground floor that ____10____ (drain) water instantly.
【答案】1. in 2. closer
3. that 4. how
5. because 6. to shot
7. bathing 8. built
9. each 10. drains
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了繪畫中的威尼斯所反映出的關(guān)于威尼斯的文化。
【1題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：在威尼斯，游客提著手提箱穿過齊腰深的水面，或者穿著泳衣坐在圣馬可廣場的桌子旁，這些都很常見。in是介詞，后接表示衣服或顏色的詞在句中作定語，故答案為in。
【2題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級。句意：我們習(xí)慣于認(rèn)為威尼斯是一個(gè)處于危險(xiǎn)之中的城市，是人類創(chuàng)造力的輝煌遺跡，隨時(shí)都可能沉沒——末日似乎近在眼前。根據(jù)上句“Pictures of Venice in the most dramatic flooding are really alarming.”威尼斯遭遇最嚴(yán)重洪水的照片確實(shí)令人擔(dān)憂。可知末日似乎近在眼前。故應(yīng)用比較級。答案為closer。
【3題詳解】
考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：威尼斯看起來不太像海洋的受害者，更像是一個(gè)古老的幸存者，它可以教會世界上其他地方的人如何與水相處。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，且在句中作指人的主語，先行詞為 survivor（幸存者），故答案為that。
【4題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：人們幾乎沒有注意到威尼斯的藝術(shù)珍品被巧妙地保存在宮殿和博物館的上層。設(shè)空處后為副詞smartly,結(jié)合句意，此處表示程度。故答案為how。
【5題詳解】
考查連詞。句意：也沒有必要擔(dān)心教堂里的藝術(shù)品，因?yàn)闆]有其他城市有如此強(qiáng)烈的保護(hù)自己不受水侵害的意識。設(shè)空處后“no other city has such a sharp awareness of protecting itself from water.”沒有其他城市有如此強(qiáng)烈的保護(hù)自己不受水侵害的意識。設(shè)空處前“It is also needless to worry about all the art in churches”也不必?fù)?dān)心教堂里的藝術(shù)。設(shè)空處后為設(shè)空出上句的原因。故答案為because。
【6題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：維托雷·卡帕西奧(Vittore Carpaccio)的畫作《瀉湖上的狩獵》(Hunting on the Lagoon)描繪了年輕的威尼斯人輕松地站在低矮的小船上，保持平衡，向水鳥射箭。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，此處表示目的，應(yīng)用動詞不定式的形式，故答案為to shot。
【7題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞作定語。句意：提香在他的畫作中描繪了一個(gè)在開闊水域中沐浴的女子。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和邏輯主語woman之間是邏輯主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。故答案為bathing。
【8題詳解】
考查非謂語動詞。句意：在威尼斯建造的宮殿也是預(yù)防洪水的好例子。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和其邏輯主語the palaces 之間是邏輯被動關(guān)系。故答案為built。
【9題詳解】
考查不定代詞。句意：每座宮殿的上層都有自己的生活空間，通常在底層有一個(gè)能立即排水的庭院。設(shè)空處在句中作主語，根據(jù)謂語has 可知主語為單數(shù)形式；根據(jù)上句“The palaces built in Venice are also good examples of the prevention of flood”建于威尼斯的宮殿也是預(yù)防洪水的好例子？芍O(shè)空處指代the places且為單數(shù)的形式。故答案為each。
【10題詳解】
考查謂語動詞。句意見上題解析。設(shè)空處在從句中作謂語，結(jié)合主句“ has its living spaces on upper floors, often with a courtyard on the ground floor ”每座宮殿的上層都有自己的生活空間，通常在底層有一個(gè)能立即排水的庭院。主句的謂語動詞為has，可知從句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為先行詞floor，根據(jù)主謂一致。故答案為drains。
